If you’re interested in owning a firearm in Canada, you’ll need to go through a regulated process to obtain a gun license. Canada has strict gun laws designed to ensure public safety while allowing responsible citizens to own firearms. This guide will walk you through the steps to getting a gun license in Canada.
Step 1: Determine the Type of License You Need
In Canada, firearm licenses fall under 2 two main categories:
- Possession and Acquisition License (PAL): Required for non-restricted firearms (e.g., rifles and shotguns used for hunting and sport shooting).
- Restricted Possession and Acquisition License (RPAL): Needed for restricted firearms (e.g., certain handguns and semi-automatic rifles).
Step 2: Take the Canadian Firearms Safety Course (CFSC)
Before applying for a PAL, you must complete the Canadian Firearms Safety Course (CFSC). If you want to obtain an RPAL, you must also complete the Canadian Restricted Firearms Safety Course (CRFSC). These courses cover:
- Safe handling of firearms
- Storage and transportation laws
- Firearm operation and maintenance
- Legal responsibilities of firearm owners
Upon completing the course, you must pass a written and practical exam.
Step 3: Submit a License Application
Once you’ve passed the required course(s), you can apply for a PAL or RPAL by submitting the following:
- A completed RCMP 5592 form (Application for a Possession and Acquisition License).
- A passport-style photograph.
- Proof of course completion.
- Payment of the required fee (as of 2024, $62.55 for PAL and $81.76 for RPAL).
- Personal references who can vouch for your character.
You must mail the completed application to the Canadian Firearms Program (CFP) of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP).
Step 4: Background Checks and Waiting Period
The RCMP conducts thorough background checks on applicants, reviewing criminal records, mental health history, and other factors to determine eligibility. The process includes:
- A mandatory 28-day waiting period for first-time applicants.
- Interviews with personal references (if necessary).
- A review of criminal records and mental health concerns.
Step 5: Receive Your Firearms License
If your application is approved, your PAL or RPAL will be mailed to you. This license is valid for five years and must be renewed before it expires.
Step 6: Purchase and Register Firearms (If Required)
- Non-restricted firearms do not require registration except in Quebec but must be stored and transported according to the law.
- Restricted firearms must be registered with the RCMP, and you need an Authorization to Transport (ATT) to move them to a shooting range.
Additional Considerations
- Minors (ages 12-17) can apply for a Minor’s License to use non-restricted firearms under supervision.
- Some individuals may be ineligible due to criminal history, domestic violence, or mental health concerns.
- Owning prohibited firearms (e.g., fully automatic weapons) is heavily restricted.
Conclusion
Getting a gun license in Canada requires education, certification, and thorough background checks to ensure responsible firearm ownership. By following the legal process and adhering to regulations, you can enjoy firearm ownership while contributing to public safety.
For the latest updates, always check the RCMP Canadian Firearms Program website before applying.